Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) worksheets for PTSD

	Behavioural Experiment Planning Worksheet [+/-] Description Form for planning and evaluating CBT behavioural experiments [+/-] Translations Can you help?	Checklist for better sleep [+/-] Description Tick-box approach for clients to assess how well they are setting the conditions for sleep [+/-] Translations Can you help?	Guidelines for Better Sleep [+/-] Description Originally designed for clients with PTSD, but applicable to anyone who needs information on sleep hygeine [+/-] Translations Can you help?	Hindsight Bias [+/-] Description Description of hindsight bias, a memory bias which can be problematic after trauma. Includes patient handouts and key therapist questions [+/-] Translations Can you help?
Hotspot Record [+/-] Description Useful during enhanced reliving / cognitive restructuring for trauma. Adapted from Grey, Young & Holmes (2002) [+/-] Translations Can you help?	Narrative Exposure Therapy [+/-] Description Notes and guidelines for conducting Narrative Exposure Therapy [+/-] Translations Can you help?	PTSD and Memory [+/-] Description Explanation of two important brain regions in PTSD: the amygdala and hippocampus [+/-] Translations Can you help?	PTSD Film Projection Metaphor [+/-] Description A metaphor to help understand origin and treatment of flashbacks in PTSD [+/-] Translations Can you help?
PTSD Formulation - Ehlers & Clark [+/-] Description A cognitive formulation of PTSD adapted from Ehlers & Clark (2000) cognitive model [+/-] Translations Can you help?	PTSD Formulation [+/-] Description Cognitive formulation of PTSD, based on Westbrook et al. (2007) [+/-] Translations Can you help?	Rewind Technique [+/-] Description Therapist instructions for an imaginal exposure technique that can be used in the treatment of trauma [+/-] Translations Can you help?	Threat System / Fight or Flight [+/-] Description Graphical explanation of how the fight or flight system readies the body for action [+/-] Translations Can you help?	Understanding PTSD [+/-] Description A generic formulation diagram to help clients understand how PTSD develops and is maintained [+/-] Translations Can you help?

Assessment / Evaluation

Clinician Administered Disssociative States Scale (Bremner, Mazure, Putnam)  Download CADSS from Dr Bremner's website

Childhood Traumatic Events Scale (Pennebaker & Susman, 1988)  Download CTES from Dr Pennebaker's website

Trauma Response Checklist Download from whatisptsd.com 

Intervention

Treatments for PTSD include:

• Prolonged Exposure (PE) (Foa) Definition at commonlanguagepsychotherapy.org
• Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) (Resick) CPT treatment manual  Free online training course in CPT available from musc.edu

• Enhanced Reliving, including updating of 'hotspots' (e.g. Ehlers & Clark, 2000; Grey, Young & Holmes, 2002)
• Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) (Shauer, Neuner, Elpert) Definition at commonlanguagepsychotherapy.org
• Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) (Shapiro)

PTSD self-help booklet from Glasgow STEPS including information about PTSD and self-help interventions  Download from GlasgowSTEPS.com (2.8MB)

Treatment manual for PTSD  Download from CRUfAD.org 

Information

PTSD information for patients  Download from ufrgs.br

PTSD patient education document  Download from nih.gov

Surviving torture - understanding the nature and purpose of torture  Download from cpt.org

Processing trauma: the factory metaphor Download from goodmedicine.org.uk

Explaining the rationale for trauma focused work Download from davidtrickey.com 

Grounding techniques

PTSD is characterised by flashbacks and dissociation. Grounding techniques are essential to help people remain focused and in the present. They can be used to prevent arousal from getting too high during trauma reprocessing.

Grounding Techniques  Download from CAMH.net

Grounding Techniques  Download from WayneMorsePHD.com

Soothing Activities  Downlod from WWU.edu

Light stream grounding technique  Download

Progressive muscle relaxation patient handout  Download from the Centre for Clinical Interventions (Australia) (0.1 MB)

Calming breathing patient handout  Download from the Centre for Clinical Interventions (Australia) (0.1 MB) 

Lectures / Workshops

Using compassionate imagery in shame based flashbacks in PTSD (Deborah Lee) Download from UKPTS.co.uk

Psychological treatment of PTSD (Kitchiner & Hunter) Download from UKPTS.co.uk

Using exposure to treat PTSD: why, when, and how? (Fyvie) Download from UKPTS.co.uk 

Working with refugees

Centre for the Study of Emotion and Law csel.org.uk

Narrative Exposure Therapy

Key papers

Brewin, C. R., Dalgleish, T., Joseph, S. (1996). A dual representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Review, 103, 670-686 Download from utexas.edu

Ehlers, A., Clark, D. M. (2000). A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour research and therapy, 38, 319-345 Download from utexas.edu

Grey, N., Young, K., & Holmes, E. (2002). Cognitive restructuring within reliving: a treatment for peritraumatic emotional "hotspots" in posttraumatic stress disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30, 37-56 Download from psychiatry.ox.ac.uk

Herman, J. L. (1992). Complex PTSD: A syndrome in survivors of prolonged and repeated trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 5(3), 377-391 Download from 202.68.89.83

Other papers

Arden, J. (2011). PTSD, neurodynamics, and memory. Psychotherapy in Australia, 17(2), 14-24. Download from psychotherapy.com.au

Cloitre, Courtois, Ford, et al. (2012). The ISTSS expert consensus treatment guidelines for complex PTSD in Adults. Retrieved from: http://www.istss.org istss.org